Liquid fuel burner

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Drawing sheet — no readable text.

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Patented Sept. 12, 1944 .. 2,358,012 UNITED STATES PATENT office

LAUD FUEL BURNER

Bertrand B. Kahn, Cincinnati, Ohio, assignor to

The Estate Stove Company, Hamilton, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio .

Application May 26, 1941, serial No. 395.277

This invention relates to heating devices and or pan 26 having imperforate side and bottom burners therefor, and more particularly to oil walls, and into which fuel is supplied from a fuel burners and heating devices utilizing the same. pipe 27, a suitable starting pad 26 formed of asbestos or the like being preferably positioned on

It is the principal object of the invention to the bottom of the pan 26 for facilitating the provide an oil burner adapted to operate, uni formly, efficiently, and without objectionable. lighting of the burner in a cold condition when fuel is supplied thereto.

noise over a wide range of burning conditions In order to provide for the proper operation and with regulated combustion from a low or stand-by rate up to the maximum rate for which of the burner at low rates of combustion, such the burner is designed. O as for stand-by conditions where a minimum rate It is a further object to provide such a burner of burning is desired, merely sufficient to main in which a properly regulated operation con tain combustion, a pilot ring 30 is suitably sup ported within the lower combustion chamber 26.

tinues notwithstanding the collection of a body of This unburned fuel thereinas may occur with a tem pilot ring is preferably removably positioned porary reduction in the rate of burning, caused 5 within the burner and suppprted at approxi for example by the opening of the door of the able mately the level of the top of the bowl by suit heater or in some other manner reducing the draft means such as a plurality of pins 3 project

ing inwardly from the wall of the bowl and adapt . It is a further object to provide such a burner ed to receive and support the ring thereon. Sat which will operate over the desired wide range 20 isfactory results are attained with a ring formed with a horizontally extending annular portion of burning rates without objectionable production adapted to closely approach the side wall of the of noise or formation of carbon deposits upon the bowl and to substantially close off communica burner walls, and with higheficiency.

Other objects and advantages of the invention 25 tion around the periphery of the bowl, except through the apertures to be hereinafter described.

will be apparent from the following description, At its central the accompanying drawing, and the appended ably formed withportion, the pilot ring is prefer an upstanding neck 32 defining claims. a central aperture of suitable size in relation to In the drawing,

Fig. 1 is a view in section and partially in side 30 the spacing of the pilot ring above the bottom elevation, showing a heater and burner arrange proper bowl of the to provide for transmission of the ment constructed in accordance with the present bowl for vaporizingoftheheat

Quantities to the bottom of the freshly introduced fuel.

Fig. 2 is a detailed horizontal sectional view Above the bowl, the burner is provided with an through the burner above the pilot ring with por 35 upper combustion chamber 3 defined by a sub stantially cylindrical side wall 8 terminating in tions of the burner wall broken away to more an upwardly and outwardly extending fange 37 clearly show the construction.

Referring to the drawing which illustrates a which is received in supporting relation upon preferred embodiment of the invention, there is be readily 24, the flange the burner thus being adapted to shown a heater of the general type illustrated erative position within and assembled removed from its op the heater.

in co-pending Patent No. 2252,182, issued August The side wall 36 of the burner defining the 12, 1941, and assigned to the same assignee as upper combustion chamber is provided with a this application. As shown, this heater comprises plurality of perforations 40. These perforations a base member 0 suitably apertured as shown at include a lower uniformly distributed group 4 if f for the introduction and upflow of air to be 45 which are preferably given a downward inclina heated. An outer casing 12 is supported upon tion as illustrated in Fig. 1, preferably being the base and provided with lower louver openings formed with the axis of each such hole at ap 3. An access door 4 is mounted on the casing, proximately a 45° angle as shown, so that they and a top outlet grill is provides for egress of tend to direct their air streams inwardly and the heated air currents. Spaced from the outer casing 2 is an inner casing 20 having an access of combustion In downwardly. order to provide for the supply door 2 in alignment with and somewhat smaller lower combustion space, air from above the ring into the than door 4 so that by opening both doors access is preferably provided ina the series of apertures 42 periphery of the may be secured to the interior of the inner casing pilot ring in substantial register with the per 20. Aflue 22 extends outwardly through the outer forations, suitable indexing means suchring

casing from the top of the inner casing 2 pro pin 2a being provided for maintaining the viding for venting the products of combustion.

A flange 24 projecting inwardly from the wall of in proper predetermined angular relation with casing 20 provides a support for the burner number toof said respect perforations. Preferably the corresponding perforations 4 and proper, indicated generally by numeras. The burne, or burner pot, consists of a bottom bowl 10 apertures 42 are so limited that under stand-by

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apertures 42 formed in the pilot ring 30, the located centrally of said annular portion and de latter ring. having an internal diameter of its pending in the path of the air streams from said . . aperture of approximately 4 to 5 inches. A simi upper air inlet apertures for baffling and limiting. lar number of apertures 40 (in this case 48 in the flow of air from said upper air inlet aper number, each having a cross sectional area of 5 tures.

.007543 square inch) was present in each of the and3. A burner for liquid fuel adapted for efficient several series thereof, while the number of air quiet operation at both low and high rates inlet apertures 45 was increased as required to of combustion comprising a burner pot having a supply the necessary oxygen for assuring proper generally cylindrical wall the lower portion of combustion conditions under varying. rates of O which is imperforate, a pilot ring within said operation. In the construction shown a total of lower portion defining the top of a lower space 252 such apertures 45 was provided each having and having a central aperture therein for the upward passage of the flame and heated gases a cross sectional area of .007238 square inch, therethrough, means for introducing liquid fuel The depth of the portion 53 of the cover plate 50 was approximately % of an inch below the s into said lower space, said cylindrical wall above level of the top of the cover plate, the diameter the level of said pilot ring having air inlet open of the central aperture 54 of this plate being ap ings formed therein, a cover plate overlying and proximately 7% inches. With other burner sizes, closing the top of said pot, Said plate having a corresponding and similarly proportioned con flat outer part adjacent said cylindrical wall and structions have been found to give highly satis extending inwardly toward and normal to the axis factory results. thereof, said cover plate also having an inner While the form of apparatus herein described downwardly inclined portion extending below the constitutes a preferred embodiment of the in level of the uppermost of said air inlet apertures vention, it is to be understood that the invention and leaving a central opening above and in sub-. is not limited to this precise form of apparatus, stantial alignment with said central aperture in and that changes may be made therein without said pilot ring to provide direct upward flow of departing from the Scope of the invention which the fame and hot gases while avoiding interfer . . is defined in the appended claims. ence from direct inward flow of air from the up What is claimed is: permost of said air inlet apertures providing free 1. In a Combustion device of the character de dom from disturbance of combustion and OCCur Scribed, a liquid fuel burner comprising a lower rence of segregation and striations in the u combustion chamber for receiving the liquid fuel wardly flowing gases. - and having an imperforate side wall, a pilot ring 4. In a combustion device of the character de forming the top wall, of said lower cofibustion scribed, a burner pot having air inlet openings chamber and having a centrally located aperture 35 distributed over and confined to the side wall therein, an upper combustion chamber having thereof, means to introduce liquid fuel into the lower part of said pot to be vaporized, a cover a side wall with perforations therein providing lower and upper air inlets for the introduction on the top of said pot closing the side wall there of above said air inlet openings, said cover ex of the air needed to complete combustion, a por 40 tending a substantial distance radially inwardly tion of said lower air inlet openings being formed at the top of said pot above the level of said air to direct the air streams therefrom inwardly.

and downwardly to the space below said pilot inlet openings to provide for the supply of air inwardly through said openings in a substantially ring, said pilot ring having peripherally located radial direction, said cover also having an inner apertures providing for the passage of combus tion air therebeneath, an upper cover plate hav 45 portion the depending downwardly to approximately level of the upper of said air inlet openings ing a central aperture overlying the top of said and defining a central opening for the upward burner and spaced from said pilot ring above passage of the combustible mixture substantially said upper air inlet apertures, said cover plate free of objectionable segregation and striations. having a downwardly projecting flange thereon 5. In a combustion device of the character de for baffling and limiting the flow of combustion 50 scribed, a burner pot having a lower imperforate air from said upper air inlet apertures. wall portion and having air inlet openings dis 2. In a combustion device of the character de tributed over and confined to the side wall of said Scribed, a liquid fuel burner comprising a lower pot above said lower imperforate portion, means combustion chamber for receiving the liquid fuel 55 to introduce liquid fuel into the lower imperforate and having an imperforate side wall, a pilot ring part of said pot to be vaporized, a pilot ring posi forming the top wall of said lower combustion tioned above the bottom Wall of said pot and chamber and having a centrally located aper within the imperforate portion thereof and hav ture therein, an upper combustion chamber hav ing a central opening, a cover on the top of said ing a side wall with perforations therein pro pot closing the side wall thereof above said air viding lower and upper air inlets through which inlet Openings, said cover extending a substantial the entire supply of combustion air is intro distance radially inwardly at the top of said pot duced, a portion of said lower air inlet openings being formed to direct the air streams therefrom vide for thelevel inwardly and downwardly to the lower combus openings above the of said air inlet openings to pro

Eupply of air inwardly through said.

ton chamber, said pilot ring having peripherally s cover alsoin having a substantially radial direction, said an inner portion depending located apertures providing for the passage of downwardly to approximately the level of the up combustion air therebeneath, an upper cover plate overlying the top of said burner and spaced per of said air inlet openings and defining a cen tral opening for the upward passage of the com from said pilot ring above the uppermost of said 70 bustible mixture substantially free of objection air inlet apertures, said cover plate having an able segregation outer annular portion adjacent the periphery of and striations. said combustion chamber and an inner portion BRRANO 3, 3ABN,