Art of producing charges for power devices

Page 1

Drawing sheet — no readable text.

Page 2

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY CSANYI, of NEW YORK, N. Y.

ART OF PRODUCING CHARGES FOR POWER DEVICEs.

i,333,838. Specification of Letters Patent, Patented Mar. 16, 1920. Application filed May 13, 1918, serial No. 234,093.

To all whom it may concern: content of the air current and thereby in Be it known that I, HENRY CSANYI, a citi creasing the oxygen content of the charge. zen of the United States, residing at New The present invention is designed to fa York, in the county of New York and State cilitate the decomposing action by varying 5 of New York, have invented new and useful the form of the moisture content, and, in 60

Improvements in the Art of Producing addition, relates to the construction and Charges for Power Devices, of which the formation of the decomposing unit, the con following is a specification. struction and arrangement of the unit being This invention relates to the art of pro simplified and of decreased cost of manu 10 ducing charges for power devices, pertain facture. One feature of the change consists 65 ing more particularly to the production of in substituting for the plate pack or pile the oxygen content of such charges from formation a screen-like structure-which moisture-laden air currents.

In companion applications filed Feb. 28, may rality be termed an electrode screen-a plu of these structures being preferably 5 1918, and March 2, 1918, bearing the re utilized, and the invention also contemplates 70 spective serial numbers of 219,687 and the production of these screen-like struc 220,050, I have disclosed new and improved tures as individual articles of manufacture, methods and apparatus for producing being of a form which permits ready sub charges for power devices, the invention of stitution of one structure for another. the said applications operating under the To these and other ends, the nature of 75 general principles of subjecting moisture which will be readily understood as the laden air currents to decomposing treat invention is hereinafter disclosed, said in ment while en route to the point of combus vention consists in the improved methods tion for the purpose of augmenting the and construction and combination of parts oxygen of the atmospheric content by the hereinafter fully described, illustrated in 80 oxygen of the moisture content of the cur the accompanying drawings, and more par rents being treated. This general action is ticularly pointed out in the appended claims. provided by interposing within the suction In the accompanying drawings, in which line leading to the power device-the lat similar reference characters indicate similar 30 ter being illustrated as of the internal com parts in each of the views:- bustion type-a unit which is effective to Figures 1 and 2 are diagrammatic views decompose the moisture content which may indicating generally the suction line leading be contained within the currents flowing to a power device where the general princi. within the suction line, the unit, however, ples of the prior application are employed, being designed or located to be ineffective Fig. 1 indicating the manner in which the 90 upon the hydrocarbon content which may decomposing unit may be mounted where be introduced into the flowing currents in the charge is provided under the usual car the formation of the charge. In said ap bureting practice, Fig. 2 indicating the man plications, the unit is of the general type of ner of mounting the unit where the form 40 an electrolytic cell employing spaced plates of hydrocarbon supply is varied from the as the electrodes, these plates being con general practice.

nected up to the opposite sides of a battery Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal sectional or other source of current supply, the spac view taken through a unit constructed ac ing of the plates being such that as the air cording to the present invention. currents are drawn lengthwise of the plate Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the 100 faces and through the spaces between the Sae.

plates, any moisture content which may be Fig. 5 is a view in elevation showing a contained within the currents will be sub modified form of screen.

jected to decomposing action, thereby chang Fig. 6 is a detail diagrammatic view ing the moisture into its component ele showing the form of moisture content at the 05 ments or gases. For instance, with the time of decomposing action.

moisture in the form of HO, the decom Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, posing action operates to change the mois which represents diagrammatically the gen ture into its oxygen and hydrogen content, eral suction line arrangement set forth in 5 3 the Oxygen content augmenting the similar the companion application Ser. No. 219,687, 110

Page 3

A represents the air intake, E a cylinder of suction line. If desired, a screen 14 may the power device, C the carbureter, and D be located to intersect the entering air cur the decomposing unit, the latter being lo rents for the purpose of preventing entrance cated in the line in advance of the carbu of dirt, etc., the screen, however, being so 5 reter. The intake A is shown as provided formed as to permit of the ready entrance 70 with a nozzle which may be utilized in of moisture-laden air currents. introducing moisture into the incoming air, The walls of the casing are formed to but this is simply representative, the inyen receive and position the desired number of tion contemplating use under conditions electrode screens, the number employed be where the air supply normally contains more ing more or less dependent upon the work 75 or less moisture. In this arrangement, the to be performed. In the drawings, I have. moisture-laden air first reaches the decom shown two of these screens, but it will be posing unit in which the decomposing ac readily understood that under certain condi tion on the moisture takes place, thus aug tions one screen may be sufficient, and under 15 menting the oxygen supply, the air currents other conditions a considerable number may 80 then passing the carbureting apparatus and be found desirable. For instance, with an entering the cylinder. internal combustion motor of say forty horse In Fig. 2, which pertains more particu power, I may utilize from four to six of larly to the invention as disclosed in the these screens, arranged successively in the 20 companion application Ser. No. 220,050, the direction of length of the casing, the screens 85 position of the decomposing unit is changed being spaced apart and preferably arranged to a point between the carbureter and the parallel with each other. To retain the cylinder, the carbureting structure in this screens in desired position, any suitable form being designed more particularly for means may be employed, the drawings show 2 5 utilizing heavier oils, the hydrocarbon for ing such means as in the form of recesses 90 the charge being produced from the oil in provided on the interior of certain walls : such form as to contain a moisture content, of the body portion, walls of these recesses the suction line being arranged in such man forming guides within which the screens are ner that the incoming air currents take up readily positionable. If desired the cover 30 this combined moisture and hydrocarbon or closure may also carry positioning ele 95. content of the carbureter, the laden cur ments, although this is not essential, since rents then passing through the decomposing the provision of guides on the opposite side unit where the decomposing action on the walls of the casing will provide the desired moisture content is had, thus providing for support for the screens.

35 augmenting the oxygen of the charge prior The screen-like structure, which I have 100 to its admission to the cylinder. This par termed an electrode screen, may be of any ticular form may also be utilized where the preferred construction, two general forms usual carbureting apparatus is designed to being indicated in the drawings. Referring introduce a moisture content into the air first to the form shown in Fig. 4, 15 indi 40 currents, the location of the decomposing cates a frame formed of insulating material 05 unit at the point indicated serving to pro and vide the moisture decomposition.

of any desired contour-the drawings indicating this frame as square-and of an

The present invention varies the general desired thickness, as for instance one-eight construction and operation of the decom inch or less. The opposite sides of the 0 45 posing unit. The unit comprises a casing frame are arranged to receive a plurality of adapted to be mounted in the suction line, wires, the means shown being in the form of one or more electrode screens mounted with openings 16 arranged relative to each other to in the casing and intersecting the flow path take care of the conditions, these openings of the currents through the casing, and a being adapted to permit the stringing of 15 50 source of electrical supply which may be the wire so as to produce a plurality of wire in the form of a battery. strands which cross the central opening of The particular form which the casing the frame, these wires being in general par may take is more or less immaterial, the ism allelism-variations from absolute parallel form shown in the drawings consisting of a being permitted as long as adjacent 55 body portion 10 and a detachable cover 11, strands are maintained out of actual contact 120 the body portion 10 having an inlet open These strands, indicated at 17, are arranged ing 12, and an outlet 13, the casing being inpositioned two groups, a strand of one group being so arranged as to permit of ready applica group, thusbetween two strands of the other causing alternate strands to be tion to the suction line with outlet 13 in open 60 communication to the line. While inlet 12 of the same group. The strands of a group 25 is shown as formed direct in an end wall of are designed to be electrically connected, the casing, it will be readily understood and for this purpose, the arrangement may that both ends of the casing may be of be such that all of the strands of a group similar construction, so that the unit may may be formed from a single length of wire, 30 65 be connected up intermediate the ends of the the latter being so strung in the frame as to

Page 4

provide the relative arrangement called for. of binding posts 18 to which the opposite In such arrangement, the two groups would sides of a battery 19 are connected, these be formed from two separate lengths of binding posts having wire, and one end of each length will be into the interior of theportions extending arranged to form a terminal for that group, nals of the electrodes being electricallytermi casing, the con 70 the two groups being electrically connected nected to said posts. If desired, any suit to the opposite sides of a battery. If each able automatic or other form of connection strand is individual, the strands of a group may be utilized; for instance, the interior of would be electrically connected together and the casing may carry binding posts to which 0. to a common terminal.

These strands provide an arrangement of the screen terminals are secured, and the 7 5 electrodes in which adjacent electrodes are which terminals outer case be carried by the cover, in closing of the cover would bring of opposite sign, and as the strands are of the complemental binding posts into opera wire and preferably of small cross-section, it 15 will be readily understood that a large num tive engagement and thus complete the con ber of strands may be employed and yet re screensnections. In addition, where a plurality of 80 tain the size of the screen within a compara may be are employed, the screen terminals connected up in such manner as to tively small compass. provide for either a parallel or a series rela The screen may be completed in various.

20 ways, the general arrangement, however, in tion of the similar electrodes of the several

yolving the location of lengths or strands of As will be understood, the portion of each 85 insulating material of small cross-section in coöperative relation to the electrode strands screen structure which extends into the path of travel of the air currents is small in the and with the direction of length extending 25 angular to the direction of length of the direction of travel of the currents, this dis electrode strands. In the drawings, I have mesh tance being that of the thickness of the 90 shown the insulating lengths or strands as mum amount formation. Hence, there is a mini extending at right angles to the direction of of the air currents of obstruction to the passage length of the electrode strands, the frame In operation, where through the screen. 30 being arranged with a square contour, the the air currents are more or less moisture-laden insulating lengths or strands extending to pass through the mesh formation they are forced 95 from the remaining sides of the frame. The screen. Since each mesh opening is of of each intersecting strands or lengths are prefer paratively small area, it will be readily com ably interlaced, with adjacent strands re 35 versed with respect to the strand with which understood that moisture particles will be intercepted, caught up or trapped as they intersection is had. Where, as in Fig. 4, the attempt to pass through these openings, thus 00 insulating lengths or strands are in the form producing a moisture film within the mesh of bars or lengths 20 formed integral with opening or openings. Since the mesh open

the frame and of small cross-section, the ing is formed by the intersecting strands, it electrode strands are strung in such way as will to provide for this interlacing effect. If film be readily understood that the trapped 105 the insulating strands be formed separate sign and thusconnects directly strands of opposite and strung to the frame, as in Fig. 5, either between the two strands,conducting forms a with the medium moisture set of strands may be utilized in the inter 45 lacing operation. In either case, the inter particle in its most favorable condition for secting strands which extend over and tion decomposition which is provided by the ac guard the frame opening are preferably in oxygen of the battery current, the decomposed terlaced or intermeshed, thus providing for and hydrogen being carried onward

a screen formation having a comparatively a plurality the incoming currents. By employing large number of mesh openings, with the in the direction of screens arranged successively strands of one direction formed of insulat it well be readily of travel of the air currents, 1.15 ing material, the strands of the opposite di tion may take placeunderstood that this ac rection being conductors of electricity, so the air currents through either ofpassage during the the

elec that the entire area of the frame opening is trode screens, so that the possibilities of provided with a mesh-like structure in which the circuit is normally broken and moisture without particles passing through the unit 20 being subjected to the decomposing through which the air currents are required action is reduced to a minimum. to pass, it being understood that the screen The electrode elements or strands may be is positioned within the casing so as to cause 60 this mesh formation to extend transverse to formed of any wire or equivalent structure the direction of travel of the currents conduction,adapted to provide for proper electrical 125 through the casing. . and should, of course, provide The terminals of each screen may be con with. The wire of against the effects moisture contact there is of small cross-section nected up to the battery in any desired man 65 ner. In the drawings I have shown a pair and may be strung so as to produce mesh openings of small area if desired, the in 30

Page 5

sulating elements being arranged corre electrode system within the flow path of spondingly. Obviously, the mesh openings the currents, the step which consists in pass may be of varying contour, as for instance, ing the laden air currents through a mesh like element which includes the electrodes the distance between adjacent conducting of a decomposing system to intercept the 70 5 or electrical elements may be small and the distance between the intersecting insulat a film-likemoisture traveling particles and produce formation of the intercepted ing elements be considerably wider, it being particles with the formation understood that moisture particles would electrodes of opposite sign of theconnecting practically be intercepted or trapped in at 4. In the art of producing thesystem. oxygen 75 tempting to pass between the electrodes, and content this difference might extend to a point moisture-laden air currents, a flow pathfrom of charges for power devices for where the insulating elements are omitted, the currents, and means operative within leaving the frame opening guarded by the such flow path for decomposing the mois electrode elements, but I prefer to employ 80 5 the general mesh formation, in that the ture content of the flowing currents, said presence of the insulating elements not only means including an electrode screen inter strengthens the mesh, but in addition, tends secting the direction of flow of the air cur to increase the formation of the film in a rents.

more efficient manner. 5. In the art of producing the oxygen The form of the electrode elements is content of charges for power devices from 85 moisture-laden air currents, a flow path for such that small spacing is readily had, and the hence the unit is operative under low volt such currents, and means operative within flow path for decomposing the mois age conditions, although it is readily un ture content of the flowing currents, said 90 derstood that the apparatus is not limited means including a plurality of electrode 2 5 to operation under such conditions.

While I have herein shown and described screens each intersecting the direction of various ways in which my invention may be flowthe of the air currents and spaced apart in

carried into effect, it will be readily un 6. In the art derstood that changes and modifications content of chargesof for producing the oxygen power devices from 30 therein may be found essential or desirable moisture-laden air currents, a flow path for in meeting the exigencies of use, and I de the sire to be understood as reserving the right suchcurrents, and means operative within to make any and all such changes or modi ture content of for flow path decomposing the mois fications therein as may be found desirable means including the flowing currents, said a decomposing unit com 00 or necessary, in So far as the same may fall prising a casing forming within the spirit and scope of the invention flow path, a plurality of aelectrodesection of such screens as expressed in the accompanying claims located in spaced apart relation within the when broadly construed. casing with each screen extending transverse What I claim is:- the direction of flow of the air currents 105 40 1. In the method of producing the oxy to through the casing, each screen having elec gen content of charges for power devices trode terminals, and means for connecting from moisture-laden air currents, the steps the several electrode which consist in intercepting traveling electrical supply toterminals to a source moisture particles of the currents and pro of produce an electrode O ducing a film-like formation of the inter system.

7. In the art of producing the oxygen cepted particles, and subjecting the forma content of charges for power devices from tion to decomposing treatment in the flow moisture-laden air currents, a flow path for path of the air currents.

2. In the method of producing the oxy the currents, and means operative within 15 50 gen content of charges for power devices such flow path for decomposing the mois from moisture-laden air currents, the step ture content of the flowing currents, said which consists in intercepting traveling means including a decomposing unit com moisture particles of the currents and pro prising a casing forming a section of such ducing a film-like formation of the inter flow path, a plurality of electrode screens 20 55 cepted particles with the support for the located in spaced-apart relation within the casing with each screen extending trans formation including electrodes of opposite verse to the direction of flow of the air cur sign, whereby completion of the film-like rents through formation renders the electrodes active to the casing, each screen having decompose the formation into its com electrode terminals, guides for removably 1.25 supporting the screens within the casing, a 60 ponents.

3. In the method of producing the oxy removable whereby the cover for the casing, and means several electrode terminals may gen content of charges for power device be electrically connected to a source of elec from moisture-laden air currents, al trical supply.

wherein the traveling moisture particles are 8. As a new article of manufacture, al 130 65 decomposed by the electrolytic action of an

Page 6

electrode screen comprising a frame of in each mesh opening including an element of sulating material, two groups of electrode each sign.

elements bridging an opening of the frame 12. As a new article of manufacture, an SO in approximately parallel relation, and in electrode screen comprising a frame of in sulating elements coöperating with said sulating material, and a mesh structure electrode elements to produce a mesh-like guarding the opening of said frame, said formation guarding said frame opening. structure including parallel wiré elements 9. As a new article of manufacture, an arranged in two groups of opposite electrical 35 electrode screen comprising a frame of in sign with the elements of each group of the O sulating material, and a mesh-like forma same sign, and insulating elements inter tion guarding said screen opening, said for secting said wire elements to complete the mation including electrode elements of oppo mesh formation.

site sign. 13. As a new article of manufacture, an 40 10. As a new article of manufacture, an electrode screen comprising a frame of in 5 electrode screen comprising a frame of in sulating material, and a mess structure sulating material, and a mesh-like forma guarding the opening of said frame, said tion guarding the frame opening, the for structure including parallel wire elements 45 mation including parallel electrodes of op arranged in two groups of opposite elec posite sign, with electrodes of one sign in trical sign with the elements of each group 20 terspaced with respect to electrodes of the of the same sign, and insulating elements in opposite sign. tersecting said wire elements to complete 11. As a new article of manufacture, an the mesh formation, said wire and insulat 50 electrode screen comprising a frame of in ing elements extending in interlaced rela sulating material, and a mesh-like forma tion. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 25 tion guarding the frame opening, the for mation including parallel electrode ele myy hand. HENRY CSANYI. ments arranged in alternation, the walls of