Apparatus for electrically heating water, air, or other medium by means of a heat-magazine.

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C. I. F. HASSLER,

APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATING WATER, AIR, OR OTHER MEDIUM BY MEANS OF

A HEAT MAGAZINE,

APPLIOATION FILED DEC, 6, 92,

1,069,949. Patented Aug. 12, 1913,

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C, I, F, HASSLER,

APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATING WATER, AIR, OR OTHER MEDIUM BY MEANS OF

A HEAT MAGAZINE,

APPLICATION FILED DEC, l0, 1912, 1,069,949. - -- Patented Aug. 12, 1913.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES IVAR FREDRIKHASSLER, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATING WATER, AIR, OR OTHER MEDIUM BY

MEANS OF A HEAT-MAGAZINE.

1,069,949. Specification of Letters Patent, Patented Aug. 12, 1913. Application filed December 16, 1912. serial No. 737,003.

To all whom, it may concern. erform, among different devices and there Be it known that I, CHARLES Iv AR FRED ore a heat storage magazine according to RIK HASSLER, a subject of the King of Swe the present invention comprises in addition den, and a citizen of Sweden, residing at 31 to the electrical element first, a body prop 60 Drottninggatan, Stockholm, in the King erly storing the heat and constructed on the dom of Sweden, have invented certain new principles of a Thermos bottle, and secondly and useful Improvements in Apparatus for a body readily delivering the heat and pro Electrically Heating Water, Air, or other vided with large heat radiating surfaces, Medium by Means of a Heat-Magazine, of both bodies being connected mutually as O which the following is a specification. well as with the electric element constituting 65 In order to economically utilize electric the source of heat by means of a system of energy for heating purposes as for instance closed tubes provided with the necessary in buildings, it is desirable to regulate the regulating Organs and a heat distributing use of the electric current in such a manner medium such as air circulating in said sys 5 that the current for heating purposes is only tem. By such a distribution of the func 70 dispensed during certain hours of the day tions of a heating system according to the which are convenient for the station furnish present invention it is possible to construct ing the electricity. As thus the electric en the different parts of the device so as to ergy is not at the disposal of the consumer make them suitable for the special functions during the entire day or night, it will be they are to perform. Thus, the heat storage 75 necessary to store part of the heat to a cer magazine proper is constructed with a view tain extent and then to supply this stored to have the best storing capacity, while the heat during the hours during which the Sup heat delivering surface is constructed with ply is interrupted to the radiators. As a view to achieve a uniform and rapid de 80 storage magazines for the heat stoves, Walls, livery of the heat.

or other storage systems have been used In the accompanying drawing forming heretofore within which electrical elements part of this specification: Figure 1 shows a were embedded and which during a certain device according to the present invention time receive the heat and afterward deliver partly in section. Fig. 2 is a similar view of 30 the same to the localities to be heated. It a modified form thereof. Fig. 3 shows the 85 is obvious that such heat storage magazines application of the device to a tile stove in do not permit any regulation, either with re section on the line D-ID of Fig. 4. Fig. 4 spect to the time at which the delivery of is a section on line C–C of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is the heat is to start, or with respect to the a section on line B-B of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a 90 35 speed with which the stored heat is to be section on line A-A of Fig. 3. delivered. In order to bring about such Referring specifically to Figs. 1 and 2, the regulation the differences existing between heat storage magazine is designated with 1, the temperatures of the heat magazine and while 2 indicates the heat delivery body, and that of its surroundings must be taken into 3, 4, 5, and 6, represent the system of closed 40 consideration, and also the radiating and tubes while 8, 9 and 10 indicate the regul 95 conductive capacity of the material of con lating elements.

struction of the heat storage magazine and As illustrated in Fig. 1 the apparatus op of the material surrounding said magazine. erates as follows: If rapid heating is de A storage magazine for heat cannot work sired, the valves 8 and 10 are opened while 45. satisfactorily without being constructed for the valve 9 is closed so as to close the pas 00 delivering the stored heat very slowly and Sage to the heat magazine entirely or partly, therefore it has to be made of material hav whereby more or less of the air coming from ing a bad heat conducting and radiating the electrical element 7 is compelled to pass capacity or it must be surrounded by a mate through the valves 10 and S to the radiator 50 rial having Said capacity. To avoid the dis of sheet metal or to any other heat radiating 105 advantages commonly connected with de surface 2 which then radiates the heat into vices of this kind it is proposed, according the locality to be heated. The air after hav to this invention, to distribute the different ing dispensed its heat returns through the functions, which as indicated above an effec conduit 5 to the element 7 where it is re 55 tive heat storage magazine is required to heated and from there it ascends through 110

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the conduit 11 and repeats its above de nels 25 from where the air through channels scribed circulation. If however the heat 26, 27 is guided to the openings 20 and thus generated by the electrical current is to be returns to the heating element. The circu stored, the valve 8 is closed and the valve 9 lating warm air thereby heats the material opened, so that the current of heated air 1' whereafter when the circuit is interrupt circulates through the conduit 4 into the ed and the heat storage magazine has to de magazine 1 and then back to the element 7 liver its heat, the dampers 18 are maintained through conduit 6 thereby heating the heat in their closed position while the damper storing mass in the magazine. When the 17 is entirely or partly opened for regulat 10 circuit is then interrupted and it is intended ing the distribution of the heat. The heat 7 to deliver heat from the magazine, the valve stored in the magazine is conducted through 8 is opened to such an extent that warm the channels 25, 23 and 13 to 14 so as to currents of air are allowed to pass and de strike against the wall 2' which radiates liver their heat to the radiator 2 whereafter the heat into the air in the room or locality 15 they return to the magazine in order to be to be heated. The air after having dis 8 reheated. By adjusting the valves 8 and 9 pensed its heat passes through the opening successively and in a suitable manner the 21 back to the opening 12 into which the transition from the heating of the chambers heating element has been introduced and re to the storing is effected uniformly and peats the same circulation after having been 20 slowly. By means of the valves 8, 9, the heated again in the channels 25, 23 and 13. 8 temperature can be regulated manually. If the stove is to be heated with ordinary According to Fig. 2 where the electrical ele fuel, for instance wood, the electrical ele ment is embedded in the magazine itself the ment is withdrawn, the dampers 17 and 18 regulation and operation are effected in a are closed, the doors 20 inserted and the 25 similar manner. The heat magazine is des combustion gases are allowed to paSS as 9 ignated by 1', while 2 indicates the heat de usual through channels 13, 22, 26, 25, 28 and livery body, and 3',5' represent the system 29 into the chimney. Even in this case it of closed tubes, while 8', 9' and 10 indicate will be possible to regulate the position of the regulating elements, and 7' the electrical the different dampers so as to let the stove 30 heat supplying element. The operation of act either as a rapidly heating body or as a 9 this form of the invention is identical heat storing magazine. By adjusting the as described above with respect to the pre regulating devices the heat generated by ferred form illustrated in Fig. 1. the element can be conducted at will either In Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 the application of to the heat storage magazine or to the heat 35 the above outlined principles to a stove is distributing surface or simultaneously to 1 shown which stove also can be heated with both (as it is possible to distribute the the ordinary fuel. The heat storage maga quantity of the heat generated at will be zine consists of the insulated material 1' of tween the magazine and the surface), and brick (or concrete) the thin wall 2' acting the heat stored in the magazine can be 40 as radiator when the chamber is rapidly stored or delivered at will, a complete regu l heated. When the stove is to be used for lation being possible in the latter case as heating with electricity, the damper 16 is well with respect to the time at which the closed the electrical element is inserted into delivery of the heat is to begin as with re the opening 12 of the stove and the outer spect to the speed with which the stored heat 45. door 19 is closed. If a rapid heating of the is to be delivered. With such an arrange room or locality is desired, the damper 17 ment it is of course possible provided the controlling the heating channels, is opened, electrical element and the magazine are while the dampers 18 for controlling the properly dimensioned-to maintain a con channels for the heat to be stored, and the stant temperature all day long, thus also 50 doors 20 are closed. The air heated by the during the time during which the electric electrical element passes through the chan current is not placed at the disposal of the nels 13 and 14 to the space 15 and returns to user. Of course a rapid heating of a cold 12 through the opening 21. The thin tile room can also just as well be effected by the wall 2' is thereby rapidly heated and causes proposed arrangement. Thus the construc 55 a rapid heating of the room or locality. If tion involves the same advantages as a heat on the contrary, the heat generated is to be ing plant having a source of heat continu: stored, the damper 17 controlling said cham ously delivering the same.

bers 13, 14 is closed and the damper 18 con An advantage common to all the embodi trolling channels 22, 23 and the doors 20 are ments of my invention described above con 1. 60 closed. The heated air then passes as before sists in the fact that the heat transferring upwardly through the channel 13. Further medium, usually air, circulates in an en it passes through the side channels 22 where tirely closed system of channels and does not it divides itself, partly passing through the come in direct contact with the air of the downwardly directed channels 23 and partly atmosphere, either in the magazine or at 65 through 24 to the downwardly directed chan the radiator. The temperature of the cir 13

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culating air thus is rendered independent of Source of heat and from said heat storage the temperature of the air of the chamber magazine, and means for controlling these or of the limits of temperature (usually 60 conduits according to the desired conditions, 60 to 80 degrees C.) which from a -hygienic substantially as described.

point of view are the best to be maintained 3. An electrical heating apparatus for by the heat radiating surfaces. In conse buildings, for storing the heat and distrib quence thereof the temperature of the maga uting the same at a given moment, compris zine is also independent of the temperature ing in combination, an electrical heating 65 of the room and thus the magazine can be element for heating the air, a heat distrib 0 heated considerably higher than to 80 de uting body, conduits connecting said body grees C. In fact experiments have shown with said heating element, means for con that the temperature of the magazine can trolling said conduits, a heat storing maga be raised to over 500 degrees C. and that zine, conduits connecting said magazine 70 in spite thereof it has been possible on ac with said heating element and with said count of the perfect regulating means to heat distributing body, and means for con maintain the temperature of the heat deliv trolling both sets of conduits for regulating the supply of heat in accordance with the ery surface so as not to exceed 80 degrees C. temperature,

The possibility of using such a high tem substantially as described. perature in the magazine involves the ad 4. An electrical heating apparatus for 75 20 vantage that a magazine smaller and buildings or the like for storing the heat cheaper may be used. and distributing the same at a given mo It will be understod that a device accord ment, comprising an electrical heat genera ing to the present invention can be used not tor, an insulated heat storing magazine of a 80 only for heating rooms or similar locality material having a specific high heat retain 25 directly, but also generally as a heating me ing capacity, a heat radiating surface, heat dium, the temperature of which can be con distributing flues connecting said element trolled at will. For instance water could with said said radiating surface, valves control be heated directly by dropping an element ling flues, for connecting said storage according to this invention into the water or magazine alternatively with said generator 85 30 by heating air or other medium which then or with said radiator at a given moment, and is caused to pass in spiral tubes through valves controlling said flués, substantially as the water. Also in central heating plants described.

the element can advantageously be used and 5. An electrical heating stove for heating 90 the heating may be effected by means of structures, for storing the heat and for ra 85 heated air or of water. In the former case diating the same at given intervals compris one or more elements are embedded in the ing in combination, with the stove proper heat chamber from which the necessary heating having an opening, and fues, an electrical conduits branch off. element within said opening, means 95 I claim: for regulating the passage of the heat gener 40 1. In an electrical heating apparatus for ated by said element through said flues, to the heat radiating surface of the stove, buildings or the like in combination with means for storing the heat alternatively con the heating element thereof, means for stor ing the heat generated by said element, stove nected to the heat radiating surface of the 00 means for distributing the heat, and means or to said heat generating element, and 45 for alternately connecting at predetermined means for controlling the distribution of the moments said storage magazine and said heat from said generator and said storage distributing means, and for controlling the chamber alternately according to the tem amount of the heat to be stored and dis perature desired to be maintained, substan tributed, substantially as described. tially as described. 05 50 2. An electrical heating apparatus for In testimony whereof I have affixed my rooms, storing the heat and distributing the signature in presence of two witnesses. stored heat at predetermined moments com CHARLES IVAR FREDREK HASSLER, prising in combination, an insulated storage magazine for the heat, a source of heat, a Witnesses:

55 radiator, conduits for alternatively supply: FRITZ EPAIRA HALLIN, ing hot air to said radiator from said GRETAPEIRCE: