Methods for obtaining hydrogen from water and frequency conversion; device for implementation of first method (hydrogen cell)

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

Description

The invention relates to techniques for producing hydrogen from water (hydrogen energy) by electrolysis and can be used as a unit for converting thermal energy during the combustion of hydrogen into mechanical energy.

The invention is known (see Russian patent No. 2456377), where the decomposition of water occurs under the influence of a resonant electromagnetic field, the frequency of the nth harmonic of which approaches the natural frequency of water. It can be seen from the foregoing that only linear forces act on the water molecule, which reduces the decomposition performance per unit of power consumption, in addition, the frequency of exposure to water is far from the resonant frequency of water.

The aim of the invention is to reduce power consumption per unit of the final product.

This goal is achieved by the fact that two oppositely directed forces act alternately on the water molecule, caused by the electric field strengths when the magnetic field strength is constantly directed perpendicular to them (see Fig. 3). As we can see from the diagram, in addition to linear forces, two oppositely directed moments alternately act on a water molecule with a high frequency, further enhancing the decomposition of the water molecule. In FIG. 4 and FIG. 1 shows a device (hydrogen cell) that implements the proposed method. The hydrogen cell consists of two oscillatory circuits containing capacitors C1, C2 and inductors I1 and I2, to which voltages U1 and U2 are applied, which are high-voltage rectified voltages of a pulse form, for example, sinusoidal, 90 degrees shifted relative to each other. When such voltages are applied to two oscillatory circuits and the inductors are placed between the capacitor plates, it is possible to change the direction of the electric field strength vector by 180 degrees without changing the total unidirectional directions of the magnetic field strength vectors due to the opposite windings of inductances. According to FIG. 4, the hydrogen cell consists of capacitor plates 13 of capacitor C1, capacitor plates 14 of capacitor C2. The capacitor plates are perforated so as to provide capacitive function, i.e. the plates of one capacitor interact with each other through the holes of the capacitor plate of another capacitor, and vice versa. Inductors 11 and 12 are located between the capacitor plates with a certain shift, which are planar coils, between the turns of which there are openings 9 and 10 for the release of oxygen and hydrogen. All of these elements are filled with dielectric. In order to increase the transmitted electric energy, capacitor plates are filled with a dielectric with a high dielectric constant, for example, a copolymer. Holes 16 and 17 are used to exhaust gases. To neutralize oxygen ions, a metal grid 15 is charged positively, and to neutralize hydrogen ions is a metal grid 16 charged negatively. Holes 7 and 8 are used for the water flow. Referring to FIG. 4, the hydrogen cell may be of any shape, for example a parallelepiped, or may be a section of a torus. The work of the cell consists in the fact that when voltage is applied to the circuits and providing a water flow through openings 7, 8, it begins to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen, which, successively passing through openings 9 and 10 of inductances, are neutralized and exit through their outlet for their intended purpose.

As is known, the resonant frequency of water is 1.87 × 10 14 Hz. This is the frequency at which the minimum amount of electricity is required to decompose a unit volume of water into oxygen and hydrogen. In FIG. 2 shows the power supply, the output frequency of which is as close as possible to the resonant frequency of water. The block contains inductors 1 and 2, wound in opposite directions and forming at the input voltage U opposite in sign sinusoids. Inductors 1 and 2 have magnetic connections with planar pair coils 3, 4 and 5, 6, respectively, generating positive and negative output pulses, and coils 4, 6 are out of phase, for example, by 20 degrees with respect to coils 3, 5. A the phase shift between the pairs of coils 3 and 4, 5 and 6 is, for example, 40 degrees. The entire group of inductors 2 is shifted in phase with respect to the inductors 1, for example, by 40 degrees. In other words, coils 3 produce EMF of one sign, and coils 4 produce the opposite. Therefore, the time interval between coils 3-4 is the transit time, for example, of positive pulses. The same thing happens with coils 5-6, only the pulses formed by them have opposite polarity and are formed in the time range between 4 and 3 coils.

The advantage of the device compared to the prototype is that more energy is produced per unit of energy consumed due to the intensification of the impact of destructive forces on the water molecule and the increase in the frequency of these forces.

The present invention can find the widest application - from power plants of various capacities, both stationary and mobile, which will help to reduce high-voltage power lines. The use of the invention for vehicles due to perfect environmental cleanliness will dramatically improve the climate on Earth.

Claims

1. A method of producing hydrogen from water, including the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, characterized in that the decomposition of water into oxygen and hydrogen occurs under the influence of two electromagnetic fields, the electric field strength vectors of which alternately change direction by 180 degrees with a constant total direction directed perpendicular to them magnetic field strength.

2. A hydrogen cell containing two oscillatory circuits, the capacitor plates of which are perforated so that the plates of the first capacitor interact through the holes in the plate of the second capacitor and, conversely, the plates of the second capacitor interact through the holes in the plate of the first, and inductances having opposite windings are located between the capacitor plates.