Drilling rig

Abstract

FIELD: mining, particularly special methods or apparatus for drilling.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry. And it can be used to extract oil, gas and produce renewable thermal energy from the lower layers of the earth's crust to power power plants and heat residential buildings, industrial and public buildings, greenhouses, greenhouses.

Known drilling rigs containing drilling structures (drilling rig, base, shelter); drilling mechanisms (a hoist with a tackle system or a hoist, a rotational or rotational-feeding mechanism); power equipment (internal combustion engines, diesel generator station, electric power converters, hydraulic motors; equipment for working with cleaning agents (mud pump, compressor, reservoir, machines and mechanisms for preparing, cleaning and treating drilling agents, pipelines, hoses and swivel ); equipment and drilling tools for mechanization of hoisting operations (keys, wedge captures, elevators, spiders); blowout preventer equipment; drilling rig control system; monitoring ritelnaya system (see. Mountain Encyclopedia, M .: Soviet encyclopedia, 1984, Volume 1, str.310, drilling rig).

Known drill containing a housing with combustion chambers, pistons are located in their cavities at different levels, and channels for supplying gases and exhaust gas are located in the walls of the housing (see ed. Certificate of the USSR 597782, 1975).

A known installation for splitting water containing odd electrodes connected to an AC source through diodes, a transformer, a resistance coil. Made with the possibility of converting alternating electric current to direct current using a diode, converting the parameters of the voltage of the electric current into a weak electric current of 10 -3 A (milliamps) using a transformer. Even unipolar electrodes are connected to an alternating current source through a rectifier, a transformer, an electric pulse generator, a resonator, a choke coil. Made with the possibility of converting alternating current to direct current using a rectifier, converting voltage parameters into high voltage current of tens of thousands of volts, creating electrical pulses using an electric pulse generator in resonance mode and the ability to control voltage, pulse duration using a regulator. Made with the possibility of creating a combination of pulsating and direct electric current with different parameters of the voltage of the electric current to weaken the electrical ionic and covalent bonds of water molecules to charge them with the same polarity, the orientation of water molecules along force fields, polarization, elongation, deformation and rupture of molecular, electrical, ionic and covalent bonds of water molecules, splitting and releasing hydrogen and oxygen (US Patent 4936961).

A disadvantage of the known drilling rigs is the insufficient drilling speed, they do not provide renewable thermal energy from the lower layers of the earth's crust.

The aim of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities, obtaining renewable thermal energy from the lower layers of the earth's crust, increasing the drilling speed, increasing productivity.

This goal is achieved in that the drill pipe in cross section can be made in the form of a circle, a polygon, in the form of semi-circular paired pipes. The bottom base of these pipes contains windows with valves. Paired semicircular pipes are made with the possibility of supplying cold water to one pipe and receiving water vapor from another pipe, receiving renewable thermal energy by means of a pump and coolant from the lower layers of the earth's crust to power turbines of power plants and to heat residential buildings, industrial and public buildings, greenhouses , greenhouses. The drill is equipped with a thermostat connected to the electric pump by means of an electric circuit, the pump is connected to the mold and channels of the water jacket of the shell designed to maintain the shell and mold in the specified parameters, and to supply water, as necessary, to the mold and channels of the water jacket of the housing projectile, and removal of water vapor tangentially to the circumference of the walls of the shell body with the possibility of reducing friction and resistance to movement. The channels of the water jackets are made parallel to each other, they are connected to each other by U-shaped channels located in the cast walls of the body of the working body and the tail of the projectile, the combustion chambers are connected to the electrolytic tank through gas pipelines, storage tanks, a compressor, and vacuum pumps vacuum cylinder.

The novelty of the claimed technical solution compared with ed. testimonial. 597782 is due to the fact that due to open explosions of explosive gas in the combustion chambers, a large amount of energy is released in a short period of time, the temperature of the hot gases is increased, and the high pressure of the exhaust gases is created, which will ensure a high velocity of the drill during the drilling of wells. When the projectile comes into contact with rocks, the rocks are melted and turned into a liquid state or soft mass.

Due to the concentration of the directed actions of the shock power of the explosion, the high temperature of the projectile 1200-2000 ° C and the mass of the weight of the pipe columns, rock puncture and an increase in the speed of well drilling, an increase in productivity and an improvement in the quality of the formation of mines and an improvement in the strength and reliability of the walls are provided.

Through the use of paired semicircular pipes or paired polyhedral pipes equipped with a pump, it is possible to obtain renewable thermal energy from the lower layers of the earth's crust throughout the year to power steam turbines of power plants and to heat residential buildings, industrial and public buildings and greenhouses.

By burning hydrogen and oxygen, we obtain thermal energy and exhaust gases - water vapor that is removed through channels made in the form of tangents in the walls of the drill string, while lubricating the drill string and rocks with water vapor, they move between rocks and the shell moisturize them, reduce the friction of the projectile against rocks and reduce the resistance of the projectile, increasing the speed of the projectile.

Due to the use of vacuum pumps in the process of splitting it into hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen and oxygen are extracted from the device’s capacity, increasing the water splitting productivity by 2, 3 times, while simultaneously separating hydrogen from oxygen in a vacuum cylinder, and improving reliability and safety.

Due to the temperature regulator, automatic water supply is provided to cool the shell of the shell and mold and maintain the temperature in the specified parameters, increasing the reliability and durability of the drill.

Through the use of drill pipes having different cross-sectional options, the expansion of technological capabilities is provided. Due to the different designs of the electrodes, the expansion of technological capabilities is provided.

In the study of the claimed technical solution for patent, scientific and scientific-technical materials, such a combination of features was not found that allows us to judge the materiality of the claimed features.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows the device of the oil rig;

figure 2 shows a diagram of a drilling rig;

figure 3 schematically shows a battery with plate electrodes;

Figures 4 and 5 show the same with corrugated electrodes;

figure 6 is the same with perforated electrodes;

Fig.7 is the same with the cell electrodes;

in Fig.8 - the same with plate electrodes;

Figures 9 and 10 show the same with brush-shaped electrodes;

11, 12, 13 - the same with the cell electrodes;

on Fig shows the connection of the cell with a brush-shaped electrodes;

on Fig depicts a cellular honeycomb electrode;

on Fig and 17 shows scallop cell electrodes;

on Fig depicts a tubular battery;

on Fig shows a cross section of a pipe of the well in the form of a circle;

in Fig.20 - the same in the form of a polygon;

on Fig shows the pairing of pipes in the form of half rings;

in Fig.22 - the same in the form of polyhedra;

Fig.23 shows a device for splitting water;

on Fig shows the connection of the electrodes in the battery;

on Fig depicts a battery of electrodes;

on Fig and 27 shows an electrical diagram of a device for splitting water;

on Fig shows a cross section of a drill, side view;

in Fig.29 and 30 is the same top view;

on Fig shows a diagram of the observation in the process of splitting water.

The drilling rig consists of a drilling rig-tower 1, equipment 2 for the mechanization of tripping, drill pipes 3, drill 4. The drill 4 is rigidly connected to the drill pipe 3 using screw connections. The drilling rig contains drilling mechanisms - drilling winches 5 with a tackle system and power equipment - a diesel generator station and electric motors 6. The drilling rig is equipped with a device 7 for splitting water. In the capacity of the device 7 is a battery 8 with plate electrodes 9, they are parallel to each other, between them there is a proper gap and different polarity. The battery 8 can be provided with other electrodes, for example, perforated 10, corrugated 11, brush-shaped 12, cell 13, cell-honeycomb 14, scallop 15, tubular 16. The electrodes are interconnected into the battery 8 through openings on the electrodes and dielectric washers 17 by bolts 18, nuts 19 and spring loaded split washers 20. Drill 4 consists of three parts of the conical working body 21, the middle part 22 and the tail part 23, they are interconnected using bolts 24 and screw connections. In the walls of the drill 4 in all its parts are channels 25 for cable 26, channels 27 for supplying hydrogen and channels 28 for supplying oxygen. Channels 29 form a water jacket for cooling the shell of the projectile 4 and horizontal channels 30 for the removal of exhaust gases - water vapor. In channel 25 is a cable 26 connected to spark plugs 31, configured to ignite detonating gas and to conduct blasting in the chambers. In the cavity of the projectile 4 there are installed pistons 32 (three or more) with O-rings 33. On the walls of the cylinder 34 of the cavity of the projectile 4, limiters 35 for their movement are installed. The conical working body 21 contains a sealed cover 36. The pistons 32 divide the cylindrical cavity of the projectile into chambers 37, 38, 39, 40. In the taps of the channels 27 and 28 at the inlet of the cylinders into the combustion chambers 37, 38, 39, 40 there are check valves 41. The exhaust gas ducts 30 are bent to one side and form a tangent to the circumference of the outer walls of the projectile 4 and are equipped with check valves 42. The channels 29 are arranged parallel to each other along the projectile’s perimeter, installed at an equal distance from each other, connected in series with each other By the various channels located on the working body 21 and the tail part 23 are cast on foundry machines under pressure from molybdenum or tungsten. They are made with the possibility of feeding and flowing water using a pump 43 through a crystallizer 46 and water jackets of the channels 29 and receiving steam at the outlet and moving it between the shell of the projectile 4 and the rocks. In the pipe 3 at the bottom there is an insulator 45 and a crystallizer 46. In the rear part 23 of the projectile body 4 there is a temperature controller 44 connected to the electric pump 43 by means of an electric cable-cable 26. The temperature controller 44 is configured to maintain the optimum temperature of the shell 4 in predetermined parameters. When the allowable temperature parameters increase, the temperature controller 44 operates and closes the electric circuit supplying the pump 43. When the temperature decreases to the appropriate parameters, the temperature controller 44 operates and opens the electric circuit supplying the electric pump 43. Cooling the walls of the projectile 4, the water heats up and turns into steam. Steam flows between the walls of the shell 4 of the shell and rocks, moisturizes them, while reducing friction and resistance to movement of the shell. The shell of the projectile 4 and the pipe 3 of the well are interconnected by screw connections through a heat insulator 45 and a mold 46. Spark plugs 31 are connected to the ignition unit 47 using a cable 26. The ignition unit 47 is connected to the time relay 48 using an electric circuit. Combustion chambers 37, 38, 39, 40 are connected to containers 7 through gas pipelines 49 and 50, storage tanks 51 and 52, compressor 53, vacuum pumps 54 and 55, vacuum cylinder 56. Compressor 53 is equipped with a timer 57. Time relay 48 , 57, the compressor 53 is interlocked with the control and monitoring unit 58 and the ignition unit 47 and the filling unit 59. Each container 7 is connected to a hermetically sealed container 60 via a tube 61. The container 60 is filled with weak alkaline distilled water (liquid sodium hydroxide or liquid potassium hydroxide ) The liquid level in the tank 7 is maintained automatically using a vacuum valve or a liquid level regulator with the plug open (not shown in the drawing). The tank 60 is located above the level of the tanks 7. Each vacuum cylinder 56 is equipped with a vacuum regulator 62. Valves 63 are installed on the gas pipelines 49 and 50. A drain valve 64 is located in each tank 7. The tank 60 is equipped with a plug 65 for tight sealing. Battery 8 includes legs 66 and side stops 67 made of dielectric material. The bore holes of the pipes 3 in the cross section may be in the form of a circle, a polyhedron, or paired in the form of half rings 68 of a circle or a polygon. Each well pipe 3 contains windows 69 provided with gate valves 70. Paired semi-annular pipes 68 are installed next to each other, contain valves 70. The slide valves 70 are connected to the winch 5 by means of flexible elements or flexible threads. Flexible threads constantly remain in the pipe 3 of the well until the completion of the drilling of the wells. The valves 70 are removed by means of a moving flexible element or flexible thread by a winch 5 equipped with an electric motor 6. They are configured to supply pressurized water to one pipe 68 and to obtain water vapor from another pipe 68 generated by heating the earth’s internal energy from the lower layers of the earth’s crust for powering a turbine of a power plant and heating residential buildings and industrial and public buildings and greenhouses (not shown in the drawing). The channels of the water jackets of the shell 4 are connected to the tank 71 through a pipe 72 and an electric pump 43. They are made with the possibility of maintaining the optimum temperature of the walls of the shell 4 in the specified parameters using the thermostat 44 as necessary. Cold water is supplied through the mold 45 and channels 29 of the water jacket of the shell 4 and the movement of water vapor through the channels 29 between the walls of the shells 4 and rocks, moistening them, providing lubrication and reducing friction of the shell with rocks and reducing the resistance of the shell. Due to the vacuum in the container 7 and the vacuum cylinder 56, the process of splitting the water is accelerated and the productivity is increased by 2, 3 times. The odd electrodes are connected to an alternating current source through diodes 73, a transformer 74. They are configured to convert alternating current to direct current using a diode 78, into a weak electric current of 10 -3 A (milliamps) using a transformer 74. The even unipolar electrodes are interconnected and with an AC source through a rectifier 75, a transformer 76, an electric pulse generator 77, a choke 78, a resonator 79, a step finder 80 and are equipped with an electric voltage regulator 81 and a regulator 82 rodolzhitelnosti pulses. In the tank 7 there is a working grounding 83. In the channels 25 between the cable 26 and the walls of the channel 25 and the channels 27 and 28 between the pipelines 49 and 50 there is a stable thermal insulation material 84.

The device operates as follows. In a given area, the drilling rig is disassembled. Installation of drilling structures, oil rig 1, base, shelter and other equipment is carried out. The pipe 3 is rigidly connected to the projectile 4 using screw connections or welding. The electric circuit supplying the electric motor 6 is closed, using the chain hoist of the winch 5, the drill pipe 3 is moved and installed from horizontal to vertical. Open all the valves 63 in the pipes 61 and pipelines 49 and 50. Weak alkaline water from the tank 60 moves to all tanks 7 by gravity. The proper water level in each tank 7 is automatically maintained by a vacuum valve or liquid level regulator (not shown in the drawing). Close the electric circuit supplying the device 7. On the odd electrodes, using the diode 73, the alternating current is converted to direct current using a transformer 74, the voltage parameters are converted to a weak electric current of 10 -3 A (milliamperes) on the odd unipolar electrodes. The conversion of alternating electric current to direct current is carried out using a rectifier 75, the conversion of voltage parameters to high voltage current of tens of thousands of volts using a transformer 76 and the creation of electric pulses using a generator of 77 electric pulses in resonance mode using a resonator 79 with a choke and the possibility of regulation voltage using regulator 81 and regulating the duration of pulses using regulator 82. When creating a combination of pulsating current and direct current with different parameters of the voltage of the electric current using a step finder 80, a transformer 76 and a rectifier 75, the electric current is raised to a high level. The external inductance forms an oscillating circuit on the electrodes. Tap water has a dielectric constant and creates a parallel resonant circuit. It is excited by a powerful pulse generator 77 and a rectifier diode 73, is a pump circuit. A high pulse frequency produces a stepwise rising potential at the electrodes until it reaches the point where the water molecules decay, and a short-term current pulse arises. The circuit is measured by the supply current, detects a jump and locks the pulse source for several cycles, allowing the water to recover. Using combinations of high-voltage pulses with an average current consumption of just milliamperes, heating of water and electrodes in tank 1 is eliminated and energy is saved compared to electrolysis of water. With a combination of pulsating and direct current with different parameters of electric current voltage, the electric, ionic and covalent bonds of water molecules are relaxed, water is charged with the same polarity, the water molecules are oriented along force fields, polarization, deformation and breaking of molecular, electric ionic and covalent bonds of water molecules and the liberation of hydrogen and oxygen (US patent 4936961) with minimal energy consumption. When the electrical circuit supplying the vacuum pumps 54 and 55 is closed, the pressure in the vacuum cylinder 56 and tank 7 decreases to the specified parameters. The vacuum regulator 62 automatically maintains the level of reduced pressure of the specified parameters. The vacuum, being in the tank 7, during the splitting of water provides the extraction of hydrogen and oxygen from the tank 7, increasing the productivity of the plant by 2, 3 times, the vacuum in the vacuum cylinder 56 ensures the separation of hydrogen from oxygen using the specific gravity of the gases, moving them through different pipelines 49 and 50. Of all the vacuum cylinders, hydrogen is transferred to the tank 51 through the pipeline 49, and oxygen from all the vacuum cylinders 53 is transferred to the tank 52 per ha to the pipework by means of vacuum pumps 55. With the help of compressor 53, hydrogen moves through gas pipeline 49 through pipe 3 of the well, channel 27, check valve 41 and combustion chambers 37, 38, 39, 40. Using compressor 53, oxygen moves through gas pipeline 50 through pipe 3, the wells of channel 28, the check valve 41 into the combustion chambers 37, 38, 39, 40. Then, using the control and monitoring unit 58, interlocked with the time relay 48 and 57, the ignition unit 47 and the filling unit 59, and the compressor 53 automatic ignition of explosive gas followed no chamber 37, then into chamber 38, then into chamber 39, then into the chamber 40 by the spark plug 26 through cable 47 to block the ignition on command supplied from the control unit 58. Explosions take place sequentially in chambers 37, 38, 39, 40. During the explosions, a large amount of energy is released in a limited amount in a short period of time. As a result of the explosion, an explosive substance fills the chamber volume, turns into very heated steam with a very high pressure, an explosive wave is generated and propagates in the environment, sequentially acts on the pistons 32 in the chambers 37, where the piston moves from top to bottom, when the second piston 32 reaches a predetermined explosive gas explodes in speed in chamber 38. The first piston 32 stops and transfers the stored kinetic energy to the second piston 32, then to the third. During explosions of detonating gas in chambers 37-40, all kinetic energy is transferred to the working body 21, it is concentrated and a puncture is carried out in the rock. Due to the high energy of 1000-2500 ° C, the rock melts and turns into a liquid substance. With the help of the mass of pipe columns and the kinetic energy of the blast waves, the rocks are radially compacted and the shell sinks, drowns in the thickness of the earth's crust, forming mines with very dense, strong, smooth walls. The combustion products are removed from the shell 4, from the combustion chambers 37-40 through horizontal channels 30, through check valves 42 tangentially to the circumference of the walls of the shell 4, between its walls and rocks. Combustion products are water vapor. Water vapor passes between the shell of the shell and the rocks, moisturizing and reducing friction and resistance to movement of the shell, increasing the speed of drilling, allowing you to drill wells to great depths. When moving the pistons 32 from top to bottom and from bottom to top due to gas pressure differences in the combustion chambers 37-40, the chamber cavities are purged. After completion of the drilling work, the space between the walls of the wells and the pipe string 3 is filled with cement mortar. Cement is allowed to harden. They close the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 6. It rotates the winch 5 using flexible traction or flexible strong threads, the valves 70 are removed from windows 69. An electric gun is lowered into the pipe (not shown in the drawing), in several places through the windows 69 pipes 3 shoot armored bullets in different directions. Oil and gas rush into the punched holes. Begin operation of the well. To obtain renewable thermal energy from the lower layers of the earth’s crust, wells are made in the earth’s crust in places in cracks along the destructible boundaries of the plates of the earth’s crust, where the plates of the earth’s crust diverge, or faults in deep sea, ocean trenches and depressions (installing power plants at their bottom) or in the locations of the geysers. A well is made with twin semicircular pipes 68, the pipes are installed side by side against each other, so that the windows 69 and the gate valves 70 are opposite each other. When drilling, the temperature of the bottom of the well is periodically measured. After drilling is completed, the space between the pipe 68 and the walls of the well is filled with cement mortar. Open the valves 70 from the windows 69 by closing the electric motor 6. The electric motor 6 rotates the winch 5, using flexible rods or flexible threads, the valves 70 are removed from the window openings 69. Using pumps 43, cold water is supplied into one pipe 68, water into the lower layers of the earth's crust heats up and turns into water vapor, steam leaves another pipe 68. To obtain renewable energy, round-shaped pipes can be used. In this case, the wells must be done from different places at a certain angle of inclination, so that the pipes 3 underground connected to each other or were very close to each other, at a small distance from each other. After opening the valves 70, an electric gun is lowered into the tubes 3, armored bullets are fired from the pistol through the windows through the windows towards the opposite tube 3. Then, using pump 43, cold water is fed into one tube under pressure, steam generated in the process heating in the lower layers of the earth's crust. Water and steam blur the space between the pipes 3, increase its permeability. Begin operating wells. Turbines convert steam into mechanical energy. Then, the electric generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy (not shown in the drawing). Waste steam is used for heating residential buildings, industrial and public buildings and greenhouses, then it is moved by a pump in a cooled state again to pipes 3 or 68 in a closed cycle.

Claims

A drilling rig comprising a control system, a control and measuring system, drilling facilities, drilling mechanisms, power equipment, equipment for hoisting operations, drill pipes and a drill, a device for splitting water, characterized in that the pipes in cross section are made in the shape of a circle or polygon, or in the form of semicircular paired pipes, in the lower base of these pipes there are windows with latches, for paired semicircular pipes the windows are located next to each other and are equipped with The valves are equipped with a thermostat connected to an electric pump using an electric circuit, the pump is connected to the mold and the channels of the water jacket of the projectile, the device for splitting water consists of odd electrodes connected to an AC source through a diode, transformer, and even unipolar electrodes connected to an AC source through straight s, transformer, electrical pulse generator, a resonator, a choke, stepping switch, the capacitance is provided for splitting water vacuum tank, vacuum controller and a vacuum pump, is adapted to extract hydrogen and oxygen in the process of splitting.